ReloVictory
+34 613 625 197Discuss your case

Roadmap · stage 8 of 12

Waiting, notifications, requerimiento, decision and appeal

You will know where notifications arrive, how many days you have to reply to the authority and which appeal route to take after a refusal.

This stage was prepared by the ReloVictory team from primary sources; it has not yet been checked by a lawyer, and each item is marked with the date it was verified.

In brief

  • An electronic notification that is mandatory or chosen by you is deemed rejected if not opened within ten calendar days (Article 43 Ley 39/2015)
  • Requerimiento: ten working days from the day after notification, extendable by up to five days on request; for family members of Spanish citizens and arraigo, the notification sets the deadline, no more than 15 days
  • UGE decides a Ley 14/2013 application in 20 days, and silence means approval; under the general regime silence means refusal
  • Appeals by body: Subdelegación and consulate: reposición 1 month or court 2 months; UGE: alzada 1 month
Edit profile

Item 158

How do you avoid missing an electronic notification on your residence permit application?

An electronic notification is deemed rejected if it is mandatory or chosen by you and you have not opened it within ten calendar days of its publication on the sede, DEHú or Carpeta Ciudadana (Article 43.2 Ley 39/2015) [1][2]. You log in with a certificate or Cl@ve [2]. Article 197.2 RD 1155/2024 on mandatory electronic communication was annulled by the Tribunal Supremo on 08.07.2026, so check whether the channel is mandatory in the text of your own notification [3].

  • Online
  • Free
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
the authority’s sede, DEHú on administracion.gob.es, Carpeta Ciudadana
Documents
  • electronic certificate or Cl@ve to log in
Cost
free
Period
ten calendar days from the publication of the notification

More: full article · glossary term

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 159

How do you check the status of your residence permit expediente?

Under the general regime, you check the case status on the Administraciones Públicas sede, in the section “Información sobre el estado de tramitación de los expedientes de extranjería”, by SMS to 651 714 610 (the word NIE and the number, or the word EXPE and the 15-character case number) or by phone on 902 02 22 22 [1]. The data are for information only. The status of a UGE application is shown on the Ministry of Inclusion sede [2].

  • Online
  • By phone
  • Free
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
sede.administracionespublicas.gob.es (general regime); sede.inclusion.gob.es (UGE)
How to book
SMS to 651 714 610 at no extra charge or phone 902 02 22 22
Documents
  • NIE or the 15-character expediente number
Cost
free

In detail: full article

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 160

How many days do you have to answer a requerimiento?

A requerimiento is the authority’s request to correct the application or add documents in the same case. The general deadline is ten days from the day after notification, counted in working days, and it can be extended by up to five days (Articles 30.2, 32 and 68 Ley 39/2015) [1]. Under the Reglamento, for family members of Spanish citizens and arraigo the notification sets the deadline, but no more than 15 days; without a reply the case is closed as desistimiento [2].

  • Online
  • In person
  • Free
  • Lawyer needed
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
the channel named in the notification: Mercurio, the Ministry of Inclusion sede or the Oficina de Extranjería
Documents
  • the notification with the requerimiento
  • missing documents or explanations
Cost
free
Period
10 days from the day after notification; extension of up to 5 days; family of Spanish citizens and arraigo: no more than 15 days

More: full article · glossary term

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 161

How do you send your reply to a requerimiento: in one package, and through which channel?

Under the general regime, Mercurio accepts documents for a case in progress: the platform handles new applications and aportación de documentación, and you log in with an electronic certificate or DNIe with the AutoFirma program [1]. Ley 14/2013 applications are corrected and supplemented only electronically through the Ministry of Inclusion sede [2]. The notification sets one deadline for the whole list, so the package is put together in full [3].

  • Online
  • Free
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
Mercurio on sede.administracionespublicas.gob.es; the Ministry of Inclusion sede for UGE
Documents
  • electronic certificate or DNIe
  • AutoFirma program
  • all documents on the requerimiento list
Cost
free
Period
within the deadline in the notification

In detail: full article

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 162

How long does UGE take to decide a Ley 14/2013 application, and what does silence mean?

Ley 14/2013 applications (DNV and other international mobility permits) are handled by UGE and decided by the Dirección General de Migraciones: the deadline is twenty days from electronic filing, and if there is no decision the permit is deemed granted (Article 76.1) [1]. The days are working days under the general rule of Article 30.2 Ley 39/2015, unless the rule specifies calendar days. A request for documents suspends the count until you reply (Article 22.1.a) [2].

  • Online
  • Free
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
Ministry of Inclusion sede, UGE application procedure
Documents
  • proof of the electronic filing date
Cost
free
Period
20 days from electronic filing; a request for documents suspends the count

In detail: full article · route card: DNV · glossary term · glossary term

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 163

How long do family-based applications take, and what does silence mean?

Applications for reagrupación familiar (Article 68.6 RD 1155/2024) and for family members of Spanish citizens (Article 97.6) are decided by the Subdelegación within two months; for family of a Spanish citizen the deadline runs from the filing date, or, when filed through a consulate, from receipt of its communication. If there is no reply, the application is deemed refused, and the appeal route opens: reposición or court [1].

  • Online
  • In person
  • Free
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
Oficina de Extranjería of the Subdelegación del Gobierno, expediente on the sede
Documents
  • proof of the filing date
Cost
free
Period
2 months; silence means refusal

More: full article · route card: family · glossary term

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 164

How long does the authority take to process an arraigo application?

Articles 124-132 RD 1155/2024 set no decision deadline for arraigo, so the general rule applies: three months from the day the application enters the body’s register (Article 21.3 Ley 39/2015) [1][2]. Information sheet 28 of the Ministry of Inclusion gives the same three months and says that, if there is silence, the application may be deemed refused [3]. Refusal by silence is stated in the information sheet, not in the articles of the Reglamento.

  • Online
  • Free
  • Lawyer needed
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
Oficina de Extranjería of the Subdelegación del Gobierno en Barcelona
Documents
  • proof of the filing date
Cost
free
Period
three months: the general rule of Article 21.3 Ley 39/2015 and information sheet 28

In detail: full article · route card: arraigo

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 165

How do desistimiento and caducidad differ from a refusal on the merits?

Desistimiento is the closing of the case because you did not answer the requerimiento in time (Article 68 Ley 39/2015), while caducidad occurs when the case has stalled through your fault and three months have passed since the warning (Article 95) [1]. Both are formalised by a decision that can be challenged with a recurso; this is archiving, not a refusal on the merits. Plan a new application after checking the recurso deadlines.

  • Online
  • In person
  • Free
  • Lawyer needed
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
the decision on the sede through which the notification came
Documents
  • notification of desistimiento or caducidad
  • the earlier requerimiento
Cost
free
Period
caducidad: three months after the warning that the case has stalled through your fault

More: full article · glossary term

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 166

What should you check in the decision on your application once it arrives?

Download the decision from the sede in the original file and check three things straight away: when you opened the notification, which recursos and deadlines the text names, and from which day the month for the TIE runs. An electronic notification is deemed received when accessed (Article 43.2 Ley 39/2015), and the month for a recurso runs from the next day (Article 30.4) [1]. The TIE deadline is counted under Article 209.1 RD 1155/2024 [2].

  • Online
  • Free
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
the sede through which the notification came: Mercurio, the Ministry of Inclusion sede
Documents
  • electronic certificate or Cl@ve to log in
Cost
free
Period
one month for a recurso from the day after the notification is opened

More: full article · glossary term

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 167

How do you appeal a UGE refusal of a DNV?

UGE decisions under Ley 14/2013 are appealed by recurso de alzada: one month if the refusal is set out in a decision (article 76.1 Ley 14/2013 and article 122.1 Ley 39/2015) [1][2]. You file it electronically: the UGE accepts applications, subsanaciones and recursos through the Ministry of Inclusion sede [3]. The administration has three months to reply, after which the alzada can be treated as dismissed [2]. If you miss the month, the decision becomes firme.

  • Online
  • Free
  • Lawyer needed
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
Ministry of Inclusion sede (UGE)
Documents
  • electronic certificate
  • refusal decision
  • grounds for the recurso
Cost
free
Period
1 month to file; reply from the administration within 3 months

More: full article · route card: DNV · glossary term

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 168

How do you appeal a refusal by the Subdelegación or a consulate?

A decision of the Subdelegación del Gobierno or a consulate ends the administrative route (disposición adicional 9 RD 1155/2024), so the choice is: a recurso de reposición to the same body within one month or a contencioso-administrativo claim in court within two months [1][2][3]. If you choose reposición, you go to court after its decision or after a refusal by silence [2][3]. Alzada is not filed here.

  • Online
  • In person
  • Free
  • Lawyer needed
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
the same body that took the decision: Subdelegación del Gobierno or the consulate; the contencioso-administrativo court
Documents
  • refusal decision
  • grounds for the recurso
  • proof of the notification date
Cost
free
Period
reposición: 1 month; court: 2 months from the day after notification

In detail: full article

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 169

How do you count the month for a recurso?

The month is counted from the day after notification and ends on the same date of the following month; if that date does not exist, the time limit expires on the last day of the month, and if the day is not a working day, it moves to the next working day (article 30.3-30.5 Ley 39/2015) [1]. A notification on 31 January gives you until the end of February. The two months for a court claim are counted under article 46.1 Ley 29/1998, and court time limits do not run in August (article 128.2) [2].

  • Online
  • Free
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
calendar of días inhábiles at sede.administracionespublicas.gob.es
Documents
  • the date you opened the notification in the sede
Cost
free
Period
last day: the same date of the following month

In detail: full article

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 170

Does a recurso suspend enforcement of the refusal?

No: unless a rule says otherwise, no recurso suspends enforcement of the act (article 117.1 Ley 39/2015) [1]. Suspension is requested separately, and the body weighs the harm to you against the administration’s interest; the grounds are harm that would be hard to repair or a ground of nulidad de pleno derecho under article 47.1. If there is no answer within a month of the request, enforcement is deemed suspended (article 117.3) [1].

  • Online
  • In person
  • Free
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
the body that decides the recurso
Documents
  • request for suspension in the recurso
  • evidence of harm
Cost
free
Period
a month from the request, after which enforcement is deemed suspended

In detail: full article

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 171

Can you go to court over a refusal without a lawyer?

In contencioso-administrativo proceedings the parties act only with a lawyer; before a single-judge court, representation can be entrusted to a procurador, and before a collegiate court a procurador is mandatory (article 23 Ley 29/1998) [1]. The time limit for the claim is two months from the day after notification of the decision that ended the administrative route, or six months in case of silence (article 46.1); court time limits are not extended (article 128.1) [1].

  • In person
  • Costs
  • Lawyer needed
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
Juzgado or Tribunal de lo contencioso-administrativo; the lawyer determines which court has jurisdiction
Documents
  • the refusal decision or proof of silence
  • power of attorney for the lawyer or procurador
Cost
at the lawyer’s and procurador’s rates
Period
2 months from the day after notification; 6 months in case of silence

In detail: full article

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 172

What if the UGE stays silent for more than twenty days?

If the UGE has not decided an application within twenty days, the permit is deemed granted by silencio positivo (article 76.1 Ley 14/2013) [1]. Keep proof of the electronic filing date. In the Ministry of Inclusion sede you can request a resolución por silencio: Registro, identification with a certificate, Subsanación section [2]. The authority must issue the certificado itself within 15 days after the time limit (article 24.4 Ley 39/2015) [3].

  • Online
  • Free
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
Ministry of Inclusion sede, UGE application procedure
Documents
  • proof of the electronic filing date
  • electronic certificate or DNIe
Cost
free
Period
20 days from filing; the certificado is issued within 15 days after the time limit

More: full article · route card: DNV · glossary term

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

Item 173

When can you start working after a decision on a work permit?

For an initial residence and employment permit, the permit’s effect is suspended until the worker’s alta with the Seguridad Social; the alta must happen within three months of lawful entry into Spain (article 77.8 RD 1155/2024) [1]. While it is suspended, you cannot work under that permit. The TIE is requested within a month of the alta (article 77.9). For arraigo sociolaboral, the permit takes effect subject to alta within a month of notification of the grant (article 130.5) [1].

  • Online
  • In person
  • Free
  • Lawyer needed
Where, how to book, documents, cost, timeframe
Where
Seguridad Social and Policía Nacional
Documents
  • decision granting the permit
  • proof of alta
Cost
free
Period
alta within 3 months of entry; TIE within a month of the alta; arraigo sociolaboral: alta within a month of notification of the grant

More: full article · route card: work · glossary term

Checked against the source on 03.10.2026. This is guidance, not a legal opinion.

What you can do yourself and what we take on

You can complete every item of this stage on your own: each one says where to go, how to book and what to bring. Where going ahead without a lawyer is risky, there is a separate panel with options for help, including free ones. ReloVictory prepares the document set, accompanies the filing and handles the case: 15 minutes free, a full consultation €121 for 45 minutes, case handling priced by quote, fees and translations extra. Book a consultation

Frequently asked questions

How many days do you get to answer a requerimiento?
The general time limit is ten working days from the day after notification; it can be extended by up to five days if you ask before it ends (articles 68 and 32 Ley 39/2015). Under the Reglamento, for family members of Spanish citizens and for arraigo the notification itself sets the time limit, but it is no more than 15 days. Without an answer, the authority closes the case as desistimiento. An expired time limit cannot be extended, so the notification goes straight to a lawyer or SOJ ICAB.
What does the authority’s silence on a residence permit application mean?
It depends on the procedure. For UGE applications under Ley 14/2013, silence after twenty days means approval (article 76.1). For reagrupación familiar and family members of Spanish citizens, silence for two months means refusal. For arraigo the Reglamento articles set no time limit, so the general three-month rule applies (article 21.3 Ley 39/2015), and refusal by silence is stated in information sheet 28. Refusal by silence opens the way to an appeal, but the authority is still obliged to reply.
How do you appeal a refusal of a residence permit application in Barcelona?
It depends on the body. A decision of the Subdelegación or a consulate ends the administrative route: reposición to the same body within one month or a court claim within two months. A UGE refusal is appealed by recurso de alzada within one month. There is no alzada against Subdelegación decisions. You can only go to court with a lawyer, and the time limits are not extended, so show the refusal to a lawyer in the first week.
Does an appeal suspend the refusal?
No. Unless a rule says otherwise, no recurso suspends enforcement of the act (article 117.1 Ley 39/2015). Suspension is requested separately: the body weighs the harm to you against the administration’s interest. If there is no answer within a month of the request, enforcement is deemed suspended (article 117.3). Suspension is decided by the body that hears the recurso, not by you.
How do you check the status of a residence permit application?
Under the general regime, you check the status in the Administraciones Públicas sede, in the section on the state of your expediente, by SMS to 651 714 610 or by phone on 902 02 22 22; the data are for information only. For UGE applications, status and notifications are available in the Ministry of Inclusion sede. Open electronic notifications regularly: the ten days count from publication, not from the reminder.

How does this apply to your situation?

Choose your first step with a short quiz or discuss your questions with the ReloVictory team.

Find the first stepDiscuss your situation